Beirut Governorate is considered the capital of Lebanon and the largest and oldest Lebanese city, as it was established by the Phoenicians in the era BC. The governorate is distinguished by the fact that it includes a port on the coast of the White Sea, which is considered the largest port in that region. The word Beirut was given to the governorate, which means pine trees. Due to its location near the pine forest, which is known today as Haras or Horsh Beirut. Beirut today includes the most important cultural and historical monuments in Lebanon, as it includes the largest mosque in the capital, called the Muhammad Al-Amin Mosque, which was built by former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. There are also Christian religious monuments such as Saint George Cathedral, in addition to the Hamidiye Clock Tower, which was built on... The land of the Grand Serail in 1897 AD. The governorate contains a number of museums that include many distinctive antiquities and art pieces, such as the Beirut National Museum, and there are a number of castles in it, such as Jbeil Castle, which was established during the Crusades and is considered one of the most beautiful castles in the Middle East.