It is one of the sixteen states of Germany. It is located in western Germany. It enjoys a picturesque natural environment as it is located in a strategic location bordered by the Eifel Mountains to the northwest, the Hunsruck mountain range, and the Pfalz forests to the south. The Rhine, Saar, Lahn and Mosel rivers also pass through it. The cities of the region are considered prominent tourist destinations for lovers of nature and tranquility, as they contain many natural tourist attractions such as reserves, national parks, and public parks. There are also many archaeological and historical monuments spread throughout the region, such as castles, towers, churches, palaces, squares, and others. The state is famous for containing the most famous scientific institutions, including universities and institutes, as there are 6 universities, the most important of which are Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Kaiserslautern Technical University, Trier and Koblenz-Lindau, in addition to 13 applied institutes and one administrative institute.