Nu Sultan is the capital of the state of Kazakhstan and is located on the banks of the Ishim River. The city was established after independence by Sultan Nazarbayev, where it replaced the old capital Almaty and became the new capital, with a population density of about 600,000 people. The city has a number of landmarks, the most important of which are the Nur Astana Mosque, and the Bayterek Tower, which will stop you with its huge and enormous size and its distinctive location in the heart of the city. It was built in 1997 by the architect Norman Foster. Norman also designed the Peace Pyramid, or as it is known as the Peace and Reconciliation Palace, which was opened in 2006 and is one of the prominent architectural structures. The city also includes a concert hall, characterized by its architectural design that resembles flower petals and was built by the architect Manfredi Nicoletti.