The Wilayat of M’sila includes a number of historical and archaeological monuments that bear witness to the conflicts and wars that the country went through before it gained its independence. Cavaignac fortress, or as it is called the Clock Tower, is a historical military fortress built by the French colonial ruler to defeat the popular resistance in the Bousaada area in 1845 AD. The fort was distinguished by its largeness and its spacious areas, which included many facilities. It included medical clinics, strongholds, trenches, towers, training and dining rooms, and its ruins still exist today, attracting tourists from all over the country.