The history of the museum dates back to the early 1920s and 1930s, when a group of radical artists from the ER group began collecting the works of the most important artists of the time with the aim of turning it into a museum. This work was met with great interest from the European avant-garde, which prompted many great artists, such as (Fernand Leger, Max Ernst, Hans Arp, and Kurt Schweitzer) to donate their works as gifts. The International Collection of Modern Art was made available to the public in 1931. Thanks to this, the Art Museum is currently the only museum in Poland that houses a rich collection of world art of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.